Authors: Mahdi Ekhlasi, Alireza Majd Ara Translator and editor: AbdolQhadir Mojahid Ghaznavi Summary From the perspective of a religious believer, the agency of the Almighty God is vividly present in all dimensions of their life, encouraging supplication to achieve desired outcomes and ensuring their fulfillment. Therefore, one of the significant issues that captivates the minds of religious thinkers is the analysis and elucidation of the relationship between natural laws as immutable matters and the influence of factors such as supplication as a platform for divine agency in alleviating and repelling natural calamities in the system of creation. In one viewpoint, the answering of supplications is deemed incompatible with the law…

بسم الله الرّحمن الرّحیم Vincent Brummer’s perspective on the conflict between supplication and absolute divine knowledge and its critique from the perspective of Mohammad Hossein Tabatabaei. Authors: Abdul Rasul Kashfi, and Maryam Al-Sadat Nabavi Translator and editor: AbdolQhadir Mojahid Ghaznavi Summary From the perspective of a group of religious philosophers, supplication is in conflict with two divine attributes: “absolute knowledge” of God and His being the “absolute goodness”. In other words, the effectiveness of supplication seems incompatible with the fact that God is both absolutely good and absolutely knowledgeable. This apparent inconsistency has its roots in two issues. Firstly, the absolute knowledge of God implies knowledge of all matters including…